(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwherethe...
問題詳情：
(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.
Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snowcovered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.
But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go—to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City—its present population is 762.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敍文。文章主要介紹了加拿大城市道森市的發展原因、過程與現狀。
4．What attracted the early settlers to New York City?
A．Its business culture.
B．Its small population.
C．Its geographical position.
D．Its favourable climate.
5．What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?
A．Twothirds of them stayed there.
B．One out of five people got rich.
C．Almost everyone gave up.
D．Half of them died.
6．What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?
A．They found the city too crowded.
B．They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.
C．They were unable to stand the winter.
D．They were short of food.
7．What is the text mainly about?
A．The rise and fall of a city.
B．The gold rush in Canada.
C．Journeys into the wilderness.
D．Tourism in Dawson.
【回答】
4.C 細節理解題。根據文章第一段第一、二句，並結合關鍵信息第三句“New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.”可知，紐約吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，故C正確。
5.B 細節理解題。根據文章第二段倒數第二句“Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich.”可知，在最初挖黃金的兩萬人中有4,000人變富有，所以是五分之一的人變富了，故B正確。
6.B 細節理解題。根據文章最後一段第四句中的“... and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come”可知，人們離開Dawson的主要原因是聽説在Alaska發現了黃金，也就是他們要去別的地方尋找發財的機會。故B正確。
7.A 主旨大意題。第一段簡要介紹城市發展的原因，引出Dawson這一城市的興起，第二段介紹了該城市興起的原因，第三段介紹人們選擇離開該城市的原因及該城市現在的狀況，所以全文敍説了Dawson這個城市的興衰。故A正確。
知識點：*經濟文化類閲讀
題型：閲讀理解
