(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthrough...
問題詳情：
(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, But at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the“penny paper”—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper；perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged—and some of the older wellknown papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for“the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企業) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇説明文。文章介紹了美國報紙大眾化的發展過程。
12．Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?
A．Academic. B．Unattractive.
C．Inexpensive. D．Confidential.
13．What did street sales mean to newspapers?
A．They would be priced higher.
B．They would disappear from cities.
C．They could have more readers.
D．They could regain public trust.
14．Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A．Local politicians. B．Common people.
C．Young publishers. D．Rich businessmen.
15．What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
A．It was a difficult process.
B．It was a temporary success.
C．It was a robbery of the poor.
D．It was a disaster for printers.
【回答】
12.B 細節理解題。根據第一段倒數第二句可知，當時的美國報紙既枯燥又在視覺上令人生畏，故選unattractive “不吸引人的”。
13.C 推理判斷題。根據第二段和第三段可知，報紙當時的變化趨勢是越來越面向大眾，變得更便宜，而且在街上就可以買到一份報紙，由此可推斷報紙的街頭銷售意味着“報紙可以擁有更多的讀者”，故選C項。
14.B 細節理解題。根據第二段第一句可知，報紙發展的新趨勢的目標讀者是普通人，故選B項。
15.A 推理判斷題。根據最後一段可知，報紙的大眾化新趨勢進展得並不容易，經過了早期一些企業的失敗，然後通過一些年輕而勇敢的商人的努力才成功，由此推知，大眾報的出現不是一帆風順的，故選A項。
知識點：*經濟文化類閲讀
題型：閲讀理解
