Chinesekungfuisoneoftheearliestandlongest-lastingsports...

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Chinese kungfu is one of the earliest and longest-lasting sports that use both muscle and brain. Over its long history it has developed as a unique combination of exercise, practical self-defense, self-discipline and art.

It is estimated that Chinese kungfu can date back to primitive society. At that time, people used sticks to fight wild beasts. Gradually, they accumulated a great deal of self-defense experience. When the Shang Dynasty began, hunting was considered an important part of kungfu training .

During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, martial arts(武術) evolved to become a kind of dancing. Usually, the dancing of martial arts was used to train soldiers and inspire their morale. At the same time, the skill and technology of sword making as well as sword ceremonies developed rapidly.

Starting from the Tang Dynasty, a kungfu examination was proposed and introduced. Excellent candidates would receive titles and awards through the examination, largely promoting the development of martial arts. By then, martial arts had evolved to become an art form and an independent genre. Kungfu was gradually introduced to many countries in Southeast Asia. Today , kungfu is honored as the ancestor of kickboxing(跆拳道), karate(空手道) and judo.

The Song and Yuan dynasties witnessed the climax of kungfu development. The practice of kungfu by civil organizations became more and more popular. People actually made a living as martial arts performers all over the country. Usually their performance was carried out by a single person or two people as a pair.

Chinese kungfu achieved greater development in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the Ming Dynasty, a lot of genres came into being and numerous books on martial arts were published. In the Qing Dynasty, the ruling empire banned the practice of martial arts, and the people had to set up various clubs or societies to pass on the skills in secret.

Today, kungfu continues to be practiced by many people for the purpose of keeping fit or improving body image.

28. According to the text, ___________ was an important part of the development of kungfu

in ancient times.

A. hunting B. dancing C. singing D. fighting

29. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, kungfu was used to__________.

A. promote the national economy

B. keep healthy and improve body image

C. train soldiers and inspire their morale

D. fight big wild animals

30. What can we learn from the text ?

A. The production of swords reached the highest point during the Tang Dynasty.

B. Kungfu was performed by many people during the Song and Yuan dynasties.